Part 2 of the Lagrange-Hamilton-series. Summary on how to find minima and maxima of multi-dimensional functions, introducing partial derivatives and the gradient.

Suppose you know your own location on earth as latitude and longitude and you have a destination's latitude and longitude. What is the heading on a compass you have to follow in order to approach your destination on the shortest possible path?

Sums are something we regularly need in every-day-calculations, as well as in science. In this article, we will derive explicit formulas for some common cases.

Part 1 of the Lagrange-Hamilton-series. Summary on how to find minima and maxima of one-dimensional functions using tangents or derivatives, respectively.

Demonstrating the maximum entropy principle using a die as an example.

Calculation of the parabolic mirror equation.

Calculating the arc length formula in cartesian coordinates in two dimensions.